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THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

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10 Dec, 2024 by DR FESTUS EGWABOR

THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce insulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

 

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise result.


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce inulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise resul


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce inulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise results.


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce insulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

 

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise result.


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce inulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise resul


THE SCOURGE OF DIABETES IN NIGERIA; CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, MANAGEMENT, DIAGNOSIS, RISK FACTORS, DIABETIC MENU (DIET) COMPLICATIONS

DIABETES MILLETUS

It is an endocrine disease characterized by sustained high levels of blood sugar. It develops when the pancreas is unable to produce inulin which help the glucose get into the body cells to be used for energy.
Diabetic is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads overtime to serious damages to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. But in all cases, sugar builds up in the blood stream. This is because the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which is the hormone that carry glucose to the cells and tissues of the body lacking or deficiency.

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS

There are different classification of diabetes mellitus which include:

  • Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Type 2 diabetes (also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus).
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes insipidus which is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
This condition is caused by hormonal abnormality (ADH) Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin.

RISK FACTORS INCLUDE

  1. Obesity
  2. Physical inactivity
  3. Unhealthy diet
  4. Hyperglycemia stress
  5. Chronic inflammation

DIAGNOSIS

Blood tests in form of

  • FBS
  • RBS
  • 2HPP

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

  1. Nerve injury (also known as Neuropathy): Damage to the nerves is common in diabetes patients which leads to numbness and pain. It basically affects the feet and legs. Fingers and hands
  2. Cardiovascular disease (Also known as cardiomyopathy): it leads to damage of the heart muscles causing impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood known as DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
  3. Eye injury (Diabetic retinopathy): it causes damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye called RETINA. This leads to vision problems such as poor vision.
  4. Kidney disease: Elevated blood sugar can cause CKD- chronic kidney disease which if not treated can lead to kidney failure. Doctors usually check the urine of diabetic patient to rule out diabetic NEPHROPATHY.

MANAGEMENT

  • Medical approach: The use of oral drugs, anti-diabetic drugs to control the blood sugar level.
  • Diet, Exercise and Education are the cornerstones of diabetes treatments e.g. weight loss is important for people who have overweight.
  • Stop smoking
  • Keep your blood level and cholesterol under control.
  • Schedule regular, physical and eye examination.
  • Pay attention to your feet avoiding injuries below the knee
  • Consider daily aspirin low dose.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise results.

At Pioneer Medical Diagnostic Clinic, we are dedicated to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic testing to support patient care. With state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced professionals, we offer a comprehensive range of medical diagnostic services, ensuring timely and precise results.
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